by Kevin H-C. Wei, Kamalakar Chatla, Doris Bachtrog Although sex chromosomes have evolved from autosomes, they often have unusual regulatory regimes that are sex- and cell-type-specific such as dosage compensation (DC) and meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (MSCI). The molecular mechanisms and evolutionary forces driving these unique transcriptional...

by Lorenzo Gaifas, Moritz A. Kirchner, Joanna Timmins, Irina Gutsche Powerful, workflow-agnostic and interactive visualisation is essential for the ad hoc, human-in-the-loop workflows typical of cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET). While several tools exist for visualisation and annotation of cryo-ET data, they are often integrated as part of monolithic...

by Abdallah M. Eteleeb, Brenna C. Novotny, Carolina Soriano Tarraga, Christopher Sohn, Eliza Dhungel, Logan Brase, Aasritha Nallapu, Jared Buss, Fabiana Farias, Kristy Bergmann, Joseph Bradley, Joanne Norton, Jen Gentsch, Fengxian Wang, Albert A. Davis, John C. Morris, Celeste M. Karch, Richard J. Perrin, Bruno A. Benitez, Oscar Harari Unbiased...

by Jacob Gordon, Robin E. Stanley The 3′ end of the 18S ribosomal RNA is formed by the endoribonuclease Nob1. How cells ensure the accuracy of the 3′ end has remained a mystery. A new study in PLOS Biology revealed that there are multiple checkpoints to ensure that only ribosomes containing the correct 3′ end participate in translation. The...

by Inbar Dvilansky, Yarin Altaras, Nikita Kamenetsky, Dikla Nachmias, Natalie Elia Mutations in the human AAA-ATPase VPS4 isoform, VPS4A, cause severe neurodevelopmental defects and congenital dyserythropoietic anemia (CDA). VPS4 is a crucial component of the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) system, which drives membrane...

by Mohammad Mohammadi, Jerome Carriot, Isabelle Mackrous, Kathleen E. Cullen, Maurice J. Chacron How the activities of large neural populations are integrated in the brain to ensure accurate perception and behavior remains a central problem in systems neuroscience. Here, we investigated population coding of naturalistic self-motion by neurons within...